Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell (CAR T) therapy has emerged as a transformative form of adoptive cell therapy and a major advancement in immunotherapy for cancer, particularly in the treatment of hematologic malignancies that are resistant to conventional therapies. This whitepaper offers a comprehensive overview of the mechanistic foundations, clinical impact, and rapidly evolving landscape of CAR T-cell therapy, with emphasis on FDA-approved CAR T-cell products for B-cell malignancies such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and multiple myeloma.
Despite its remarkable therapeutic promise, CAR T therapy presents persistent challenges, including antigen escape, cytokine release syndrome (CRS), tumor microenvironment (TME)-mediated resistance, limited accessibility, and long-term CAR T-cell toxicities. To address these barriers, the paper explores innovative strategies such as enhanced T-cell engineering, synthetic biology in oncology, novel costimulatory domains, and the development of allogeneic CAR T cells and in vivo CAR T-cell generation. It also highlights the role of biomarker-guided CAR T selection and emerging T-cell–based treatment approaches.
Additionally, the white paper considers the application of artificial intelligence in CAR T therapy, next-generation manufacturing techniques, and the potential of targeted cancer therapy to expand indications beyond hematologic cancers. Positioned at the intersection of science and personalized care, CAR T-cell therapy is reshaping the future of precision oncology and is poised to become a cornerstone in cancer immunotherapy.
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About the Author
Oksana Fabri, MD, PhD, Sr. Medical Director, Therapeutic Area Medical Lead in Hematology/Oncology, has over 16 years of experience in hematology and oncology. A recognized expert in the development of advanced cell therapies, particularly CAR T-cell therapy, she focuses on overcoming treatment limitations and accelerating innovation from early-phase trial design through execution.
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